SolarNuggets

Welcome to the SolarNuggets collection, which extends the series of RHESSI Nuggets. The following is a time-ordered list of the latest Nuggets added to the HelioWiki. An alphabetical list of the SolarNuggets is also available as well as yearly lists. One can search on author, topic, IAU flare identifier, etc.). We welcome volunteer authors - please see our page of help for authors or just send an email to the Curator at (hugh.hudson@glasgow.ac.uk).

487	From Chromospheric Evaporation to Coronal Rain: An Investigation of the Mass and Energy Cycle of a Flare‎
	3 February 2025 by Seray ŞAHIN and Patrick ANTOLIN
A first quantitative comparison of flare evaporation and coronal rain. Click the title to read more.

486	Energetic neutral atoms detected in the large solar energetic particle event of February 2022‎
	20 January 2025 by Christina COHEN
Only the second direct observation of high-energy neutral atoms from the Sun. Click the title to read more.

485	Magnetic topology of quiet-Sun Ellerman bombs and associated ultraviolet brightenings‎
	6 January 2025 by Aditi BHATNAGAR
Tiny "Ellerman Bombs" occur all across the solar surface, with differences. Click the title to read more.

484	Unveiling CME Dynamics: Rare Rotations of CMEs in the Heliosphere
	30 December 2024 by Sandeep KUMAR and Nandita SRIVASTAVA
CMEs usually do not show additional rotation as they move though the heliosphere. Click the title to read more.

483	Spatial and Spectral Evolution of Microwave and X-Ray Sources During the Limb Flare SOL2023-02-05
	23 December 2024 by Yulia N. SHAMSUTDINOVA
Rare microwave imaging spectroscopy of a hot-onset precursor event. Click the title to read more.

482	High-resolution observational analysis of flare ribbon fine structures
	16 December 2024 by Jonas THOEN FABER
Spatially periodic fine structures in flare ribbons reveal current-sheet tearing. Click the title to read more.

481	Advection and super-diffusive expansion as the model of flare accelerated electron transport in type III solar radio bursts
	9 December 2024 by Eduard KONTAR
Sturrock's dilemma resolved. Click the title to read more.

480	Faraday's Law in Solar Flares: A Cautionary Message
	2 December 2024 by Michael FARADAY
We must not forget the global implications of Faraday's Law. Click the title to read more.

479	Remarkable NUV Spectrum of an M-star Megaflare
	25 November 2024 by Adam KOWALSKI
Remarkable NUV spectra from an HST stellar flare. Click the title to read more.

478	Revised Point-Spread Functions of AIA and their effect on DEM analyses
	18 November 2024 by Stefan HOFMEISTER, Daniel Wolf SAVIN, and Michael HAHN
Substantial revisions of the AIA point-response functions. Click the title to read more.

477	How much of the energy in flare-accelerated electrons reaches the chromosphere?
	11 November 2024 by Meriem ALAOUI and Gordon HOLMAN
Keeping flare-accelerated electrons out of the chromosphere. Click the title to read more.

476	Spatially resolved plasma composition evolution in a solar flare
	4 November 2024 by Andy S. H. TO
Reconnection outflow feeds abundance variations. Click the title to read more.

475	HOPE during high activity
	28 October 2024 by Hugh HUDSON and Alphonse STERLING
Hot onsets appear even in the most active solar conditions. Click the title to read more.

474	Simulated heliospheric electron spectra show sensitivity to plasma properties of a source region in the flaring corona
	21 October 2024 by Ross PALLISTER and Natasha JEFFREY
Getting closer to an understanding of how solar energetic particles "escape". Click the title to read more.

473	An extremely complex active region with very strong non-neutralized electric currents
	14 October 2024 by Ioannis KONTOGIANNIS
Large non-neutralized electric currents flow through the active-region corona. Click the title to read more.

472	An X9 flare and its huge crochet (SFE)
	7 October 2024 by Hugh HUDSON
The geomagnetic effect (SFE/crochet) that will calibrate the Carrington flare. Click the title to read more.

471	All microflares that accelerate electrons to high energies are rooted in sunspots
	30 September 2024 by Andrea Francesco BATTAGLIA
Microflares with hard X-ray spectra are a well-defined class, and invariably have one footpoint embedded in a sunspot. Click the title to read more.

470	The warm-target model and kappa distributions
	16 September 2024 by Yingjie LUO
A self-consistent treatment of non-thermal electron spectra points to kappa distributions. Click the title to read more.

468	Is there HOPE for Hyder flares...
	15 March 2024 by Hugh HUDSON
Filament eruptions/Hyder flares/disparitions brusques may all show HOPE. Click the title to read more.

467	Sun-as-a-star Analysis of the M8.7 Flare on 2022 October 2 Using H-alpha and EUV Spectra Taken by SMART/SDDI and SDO/EVE
	19 February 2024 by Takato OTSU
Whole-Sun spectroscopic observations can readily detect ejecta. Click the title to read more.

466	Unexpected Asymmetry in GeV Emission
	15 January 2024 by Bruno ARSIOLI and Elena ORLANDO
The high-energy solar gamma radiation shows inexplicable but fascinating properties. Click the title to read more.

465	When it rippled in one place and exploded in another
	25 December 2023 by Ivan ZIMOVETS
Pulsations precede a flare, but seem unrelated. Click the title to read more.

464	Solar flares: evaporation and simulation‎
	18 December 2023 by Malcolm DRUETT
Fitting beam electrons into multi-dimensional models. Click the title to read more.

463	Pre-impulsive and Impulsive Phases of the March 28, 2022 Sub-Terahertz Flare
	11 December 2023 by Galina G. MOTORINA
A flare with an increasing sub-THz spectrum and sub-THZ precursor information. Click the title to read more.

462	Coronal Bright Points
	27 November 2023 by Daniel NÓBREGA-SIVERIO
Bright EUV rowel-like structures can result from null-point reconnection. Click the title to read more.

461	Aurora-like Radio Emission from a Sunspot
	20 November 2023 by Sijie YU
Maser action above a sunspot. Click the title to read more.

460	Search for a Flare Anticipation Index (FAI)
	13 November 2023 by Hugh HUDSON and Jim McTiernan
Quantifying flare precursors on a few-minute time scale. Click the title to read more.

459	Bouncing motions of fast electrons using Nobeyama Radioheliograph
	6 November 2023 by Keitarou MATSUMOTO
Solar evidence for conservation of second adiabatic invariant in particle motion. Click the title to read more.

458	Impact of nanoflare heating in the lower solar atmosphere
	30 October 2023 by Helle BAKKE
The behavior of nanoflare fast electrons in Bifrost models. Click the title to read more.

457	Precise timing of flare footpoint sources from mid-infrared observations‎
	23 October 2023 by Paulo SIMÕES et al.
Mid-IR observations at high spatial and high temporal resolution: Conjugacy. Click the title to read more.

456	The Greatest GOES Flares‎
	25 September 2023 by Hugh HUDSON and Ed CLIVER
The greatest GOES events, re-analyzed, fall short of expectations. Click the title to read more.

455	Introducing SunSketcher
	11 September 2023 by Hugh HUDSON and Gordon EMSLIE
Galloping towards roundup in the 2024 total solar eclipse. Click the title to read more.

454	TeV Gamma rays from the Quiescent Sun
	21 August 2023 by Mehr Un NISA and John BEACOM
Solar photons at unprecedented high energies. Click the title to read more.

453	Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Hard X-Ray Sources in Flare Model with Vertical Current Sheet
	7 August 2023 by Alexander SHABALIN, Eugenia OVCHINNIKOVA, and Yuri CHARIKOV
Modeling betatron acceleration in current-sheet development.. Click the title to read more.

452	Spatial Distribution of Magnetic Reconnection Rate in an M6.5 Solar Flare
	12 June 2023 by Ju JING
Linking hard X-rays to high-resolution images that show reconnection rates.. Click the title to read more.

451	Statistical study of Type III bursts and associated HXR emissions
	29 May 2023 by Nicole VILMER and Tomin JAMES
Linking electron populations escaping from the Sun with those that RHESSI detects.. Click the title to read more.

450	Solar flare hard X-rays from the anchor points of an eruptive filament
	15 May 2023 by Muriel STIEFEL
A rare "four-ribbon" flare has been detected in hard X-rays.. Click the title to read more.

449	Did a Solar Flare Accelerate all the Ambient Electrons in the Coronal Acceleration Region?...
	1 May 2023 by Gordon EMSLIE, Eduard KONTAR, Galina MOTORINA, and Brian DENNIS
Considering SOL2017-09-10, probably not.. Click the title to read more.

448	Diagnostics of Spatially-Extended Turbulent Acceleration and Transport
	24 April 2023 by Morgan STORES
Drilling down into the detailed structure of solar-flare energy release by including turbulence with particle acceleration.. Click the title to read more.

447	RHESSI's Re-entry
	17 April 2023 by Pascal SAINT-HILAIRE and Hugh HUDSON
The final demise of RHESSI is this week. Click the title to read more.

446	A Glasgow geomagnetic observation of a solar flare
	13 March 2023 by Hugh HUDSON, John MALONE-LEIGH, Graham WOAN, and Chris OSBORNE
Irish and Scottish geomagnetic observatories see a crochet much like that of the Carrington event. Click the title to read more.

{

445	Particle Acceleration in Two Coronal Jets
	27 February 2023 by Yixian ZHANG
Coronal jets with hard X-ray sources at disjoint locations. Click the title to read more.

444	The Curious First Sunquake of Solar Cycle 25‎
	13 February 2023 by Alexander KOSOVICHEV
A double whammy: two distinct sunquakes from SOL2022-05-10.. Click the title to read more.

443	Hard X-ray Pulsations via Gaussian Decomposition
	30 January 2023 by Hannah COLLIER and Laura HAYES
Flare hard X-ray time variations decomposed objectively. Click the title to read more.

442	A possible coronal magnetic flare precursor
	16 January 2023 by Enrico LANDI
Novel measurements of the coronal magnetic field may help with flare prediction. Click the title to read more.

441	A slow HOPE with microwave context
	12 December 2022 by Hugh HUDSON
A new microwave facility at Chashan Observatory, and a prototypical HOPE. Click the title to read more.

440	Rapid variations of Si IV spectra in a flare observed by IRIS at a sub-second cadence
	14 November 2022 by Juraj LÖRINČÍK
Transition-region lines in a flare have a Doppler component revealing quasi-periodic pulsations. Click the title to read more.

439	A Significant Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance Associated with a Massive Gamma-ray Burst
	31 October 2022 by Laura HAYES and Peter GALLAGHER
A first SID observed in broad daylight, from a source far far away. Click the title to read more.

438	Effects of Coronal Structures on the Dynamics of the Global Coronal Wave of SOL2017-09-10‎
	17 October 2022 by Huidong HU, Ying D. LIU, and Bei ZHU
The amazing global coronal wave of SOL2017-09-10 wrapped around the whole Sun, and displayed transmission and reflection at both polar coronal holes. Click the title to read more.

437	KW-Sun: The Konus-Wind Solar Flare Database in Hard X-Ray and Soft Gamma-Ray Ranges
	26 September 2022 by Alexandra LYSENKO
An unrivaled hard X-ray and gamma-ray database is entering its third activity maximum. Click the title to read more.

436	First Detection of Kink Oscillations with Solar Orbiter
	19 September 2022 by Sihui ZHONG et al.
SolO sees coronal oscillations as well as AIA can, and even better. Click the title to read more.

435	Energetic Neutral Hydrogen from Large Solar Flares
	6 September 2022 by Glenn MASON
A rediscovered data treasury reveals the occurrence of many flare/CME events producing solar high-energy neutral atoms. Click the title to read more.

434	Fifty-year Anniversary of the First Detection of Gamma rays from a Solar Flare
	8 August 2022 by Jim Ryan, Brian Dennis, and Phil Dunphy
The rich astrophysics of gamma-ray astronomy began with solar observations fifty years ago. Click the title to read more.

433	Fast Prograde Flows in Solar Active Regions
	25 July 2022 by Hugh HUDSON
Unexpected, unpredicted, and not modeled yet - weird flows in hot active-region loops. Click the title to read more.

432	Undetected Minority-polarity Flux, Moss, and Coronal Heating
	11 July 2022 by Yi-Ming WANG
There's plenty of room in "unipolar" active regions for both polarities, and there is good evidence for them. Click the title to read more.

431	Thermal/Nonthermal with MinXSS and RHESSI
	13 June 2022 by Shunsaku NAGASAWA
Time-domain studies of improved X-ray spectra reveal a "super-hot' component. Click the title to read more.

430	Sun-as-a-star spectroscopic observations of the line-of-sight velocity of a solar eruption on October 28, 2021
	30 May 2022 by Yu XU and Hui TIAN
The observation of the full 3d velocity of a CME, for an anniversary event. Click the title to read more.

429	Carl Størmer
	15 April 2022 by Hugh HUDSON and Lyndsay FLETCHER
Størmer and the theory of trapping in loops. Click the title to read more.

428	Solar Hard X-rays with Insight
	21 March 2022 by Wei WANG and Ping ZHANG
A spectacular limb flare introduces Insight/HXMT, a new observational resource. Click the title to read more.

427	Probing chromospheric current sheets using SST and ALMA co-observations
	21 February 2022 by João da SILVA SANTOS
Emerging magnetic flux appears in ALMA images reflecting coronal current sheets. Click the title to read more.

426	A demonstration of STIX hard X-ray imaging spectroscopy capabilities for an X-class flare (SOL2021-10-28)
	7 February 2022 by Andrea BATTAGLIA, Hannah COLLIER, and Säm KRUCKER
STIX imaging of an X-class flare marks its success. Click the title to read more.

425	A solar flare driven by thermal conduction observed in mid-infrared
	24 January 2022 by Guillermo GIMÉNEZ de CASTRO
Strong 10-micron emission from a GOES C2 flare suggests conductive heating. Click the title to read more.

424	Disk Occultation of a Lopsided Sun‎
	10 January 2022 by Hugh HUDSON, Stephen WHITE and Säm KRUCKER
Observing a spotless Sun can enable observations of the faint corona.. Click the title to read more.

423	Resolving two distinct thermal X-ray components in a compound solar flare
	28 December 2021 by Zhenjun ZHOU and Rui LIU
Superhot coronal sources may be independent loop systems. Click the title to read more.

422	Bridging solar flares to coronal mass ejections
	14 December 2021 by Markus ASCHWANDEN
The Neupert effect allows us to trace coronal mass ejections seamlessly. Click the title to read more.

421	The Jakimiec Diagnostic Diagram
	29 November 2021 by Hugh HUDSON
The joint variation of GOES temperature and emission measure discloses new features via an old tool. Click the title to read more.

420	First look at ALMA/HInode/IRIS microflares
	8 November 2021 by Toshifumi SHIMIZU et al.
High-resolution ALMA and multiwavelength observations of microflaring. Click the title to read more.

419	Thomson scattering near sunspots
	25 October 2021 by Pascal Saint-Hilaire et al.
Completing the modeling of low-coronal Thomson polarimetry. Click the title to read more.

418	A Non-PFSS Global Coronal Model
	11 October 2021 by Oliver RICE and Anthony YEATES
Modeling as convenient as PFSS but much more realistic. Click the title to read more.

417	Manifold Nonthermality
	27 September 2021 by Marina BATTAGLIA et al.
Even weak flares involve multiple sites of non thermal activity. Click the title to read more.

416	X-Rays from a Type I Radio Burst
	20 September 2021 by R. RAMESH
A first identification of type I radio emission with hot plasma. Click the title to read more.

415	Do Hot Onsets Predict Flare Magnitudes?
	30 August 2021 by Hugh HUDSON
Maybe we can tell how big a flare is going to be from its initial development.... Click the title to read more.

414	Confined or Eruptive?
	16 August 2021 by Ting LI et al.
Increased magnetic flux reduces CME eruptivity. Click the title to read more.

413	Impulsive and Gradual Eruptive Gamma Flares and Associated CMEs
	19 July 2021 by Alexey STRUMINSKY, Irina GRIGORIEVA and Andrei SADOVSKI
Extreme behavior of flare/CME events explained by environment. Click the title to read more.

412	The Morphology of Flare Time Profiles
	12 July 2021 by Larisa KASHAPOVA et al.
Systematic comparison of solar and stellar flaring time profiles. Click the title to read more.

411	Flare Pulsation and the Heliosphere
	5 July 2021 by Brendan CLARKE et al.
Flare pulsations link closely to the distant heliosphere. Click the title to read more.

410	STIX, the Hard X-Ray Telescope on board Solar Orbiter
	28 June 2021 by Andrea Francesco BATTAGLIA and Säm KRUCKER
STIX is operational and producing great data. Click the title to read more.

409	Nonequilibrium Ionization of Flare Plasma Observed by Hinode/EIS
	14 June 2021 by Shinsuke IMADA
Evidence for non-equilibrium ionization in the current sheet of SOL2017-09-10. Click the title to read more.

408	Effects of Flares on Solar p-modes
	26 April 2021 by Maria-Cristina RABELLO SOARES and Frederic BAUDIN
No detectable p-mode amplitude changes due to solar flares. Click the title to read more.

407	Subsecond Spikes in Solar Flare X-ray Flux as Seen by Fermi GBM
	19 April 2021 by Trevor KNUTH and Lindsay GLESENER
A new analysis technique pushes hard X-ray time scales to 0.1 sec or faster. Click the title to read more.

406	Negative He 10830 Flare Ribbons and Non-thermal Electrons
	12 April 2021 by Graham KERR
A 1D radiation hydrodynamics model can explain the dark leading edges of He I flare ribbons. Click the title to read more.

405	Tracing the sources of gradual solar energetic particle events
	29 March 2021 by David H. BROOKS and Stephanie L. YARDLEY
Chemical abundances in SEPs suggest an origin in flare-related moss regions. Click the title to read more.

404	The Superflare SOL2017-09-06: from submm to mid-IR
	15 March 2021 by Guillermo (Guigue) GIMÉNEZ DE CASTRO
Glimpsing the "missing decades" of the flare emission spectrum. Click the title to read more.

403	The Neupert Effect Revisited
	8 March 2021 by Jiong QIU
Two time scales for heating individual flare strands. Click the title to read more.

402	FLUKA as a tool for interpreting flare gamma-rays
	1 March 2021 by Alec MACKINNON
The nuclear physics of solar flares captured in a detailed model. Click the title to read more.

401	A Collective Study of 11 NuSTAR Microflares
	22 February 2021 by Jessie DUNCAN and Lindsay GLESENER
Swarms of NuSTAR micro flares. Click the title to read more.

{{

400	A Solar FRB
	15 February 2021 by Dale GARY and Hugh HUDSON
A new frontier in the solar time domain. Click the title to read more.

399	Richard Schwartz
	25 January 2021 by Brian DENNIS and Hugh HUDSON
Remembering a friend and colleague. Click the title to read more.

398	Observing Solar Flare X-ray Polarization with Prospective CubeSat Missions
	4 January 2021 by Natasha JEFFREY
The polarization of the solar X-ray spectrum generally remains to be observed. Click the title to read more.

397	Solar effects in the local interstellar medium
	14 December 2020 by Don GURNETT and Hugh HUDSON
Relativistic particle events observed _in situ_ in the interstellar medium. Click the title to read more.

396	Investigation of Small-Scale Energy Releases in Hard X-rays with ​FOXSI
	7 December 2020 by Subramania ATHIRAY and Juliana VIEVERING
Hard X-rays and high temperatures from the feeblest microflares. Click the title to read more.

395	What drives impulsive coronal heating?
	30 November 2020 by Pradeep CHITTA et al.
Impulsive footpoint emissions suggest magnetic reconnection in the chromosphere. Click the title to read more.

394	Probing the solar coronal heating function with slow magnetoacoustic waves
	16 November 2020 by Dmitrii KOLOTKOV et al.
Coronal heating models meet damped slow magnetoacoustic waves. Click the title to read more.

393	Self-Consistent Flare Model
	2 November 2020 by Wenzhi RUAN and Rony KEPPENS
Energy transport by fast particles made self-consistent with MHD flare modeling. Click the title to read more.

392	Hot Flare Onsets
	26 October 2020 by Hugh HUDSON et al.
The initial soft X-ray temperatures of solar flares tend to be in the 10-15 MK range. Click the title to read more.

391	Electric Current Neutralization and Eruption
	19 October 2020 by Ellis AVALLONE and Xudong SUN
Coronal currents without neutralizing return currents appear to. Click the title to read more.

390	Prediction of Solar Cycle 25
	5 October 2020 by Leif SVALGAARD
Now we know how big the next solar maximum will be. Click the title to read more.

389	Flare/CME Cartoon Archive
	27 September 2020 by Hugh HUDSON
A new edition of the Flare/CME archive, nearly a half kilotoon now. Click the title to read more.

388	Submerged Flare Acoustic Sources
	13 September 2020 by Juan Camilo BUITRAGO CASAS and Angel MARTÍNEZ
Flare acoustic radiation emanates from a source _inside_ the Sun. Click the title to read more.

387	Circular Ribbon Flare at Microwaves
	31 August 2020 by Jeongwoo LEE
Breakout reconnection reveals itself via microwave polarization measurements.. Click the title to read more.

386	Relation of Non-neutralized electric currents and the activity in active regions
	24 August 2020 by P. VEMAREDDY
Non-neutralized coronal current systems contribute to CME eruptions. Click the title to read more.

385	White-light emission and photospheric magnetic field changes in flares
	17 August 2020 by J. Sebastián CASTELLANOS DURÁN and Lucia KLEINT
There are strong correlations between white-light flare emissions and line-of-sight magnetic field changes. Click the title to read more.

384	Sunspot Differential Rotation in an X-class Flare
	10 August 2020 by Richard GRIMES, Balázs PINTÉR and Huw MORGAN
Observations suggesting how the coronal tail can wag the photospheric dog. Click the title to read more.

383	Energy Partitioning in a Nonthermally Dominated Two-loop Solar Flare
	3 August 2020 by Galina MOTORINA et al.
Modeling the propagation of energy via GX Simulator in an early-impulsive flare. Click the title to read more.

382	SOL2013-11-10 Eruptive Circular-ribbon Flare with Extended Remote Brightenings
	31 July 2020 by Chang LIU et al.
A circular-ribbon event can launch an eruption by breaking through its separatrix dome. Click the title to read more.

381	Extreme-Ultraviolet Late Phase of Solar Flares
	22 June 2020 by Rui LIU
Both arcade and circular-ribbon flares may sometimes spawn EUV late phase emission. Click the title to read more.

380	Energy transport by accelerated particles in the quiet solar atmosphere
	15 June 2020 by Lars FROGNER, Boris GUDIKSEN and Helle BAKKE
A first study of non-thermal particles integrated into an MHD simulation of the solar atmosphere. Click the title to read more.

379	Quasi-periodic pulsations as indicators of oscillatory processes in solar flares
	11 May 2020 by Elena KUPRIYANOVA et al.
Many, many QPPs. Click the title to read more.

378	Rejuvenating Solar Flare Termination Shocks as Particle Accelerators
	4 May 2020 by Bin CHEN
At last, clear evidence for a long-predicted phenomenon. Click the title to read more.

377	Broad symmetrical Doppler-shifted Fe XXI line profiles
	20 April 2020 by Vanessa POLITO
It is difficult to explain "evaporation" line profiles by superposition of unresolved flows. Click the title to read more.

376	Phenomena in the unusually long pre-impulsive phase of SOL2011-06-07
	13 April 2020 by Marian KARLICKÝ, Jana KAŠPAROVÁ, and Robert SYCH
A massive and slowly-rising filament eruption reveals important new signatures of the physics. Click the title to read more.

375	Evidence for a Coronal Shock Wave Origin for Relativistic Protons Producing Solar Gamma-Rays and Observed by Neutron Monitors at Earth‎
	6 April 2020 by Athanasios KOULOUMVAKOS and Gerry SHARE
Successful modeling of prolonged solar gamma-ray emissions and terrestrial ground-level cosmic-ray events. Click the title to read more.

374	Using overlappogram data to find hot flare plasma
	23 March 2020 by Louise HARRA
Imaging Fe XXIV at high resolution with the EIS slot data. Click the title to read more.

373	SOL2017-09-04 (M5.5) 2017 as a Source of Relativistic Electrons and Protons
	16 March 2020 by Alexei STRUMINSKII
Flare-accelerated particles, rather than SEPs, energize sustained gamma-ray emission. Click the title to read more.

372	Heating of the solar photosphere during a white-light flare‎
	2 March 2020 by Jan JURČÁK
The best-ever spectrum of the flare photosphere. Click the title to read more.

371	A Hot Cusp-Shaped Confined Solar Flare
	24 February 2020 by Aaron HERNANDEZ-PEREZ
A flare may have a prominent hot cusp with the help of any eruption. Click the title to read more.

370	The Temporal and Spatial Extension of Gamma-ray Emission from the Sun
	17 February 2020 by Nat GOPALSWAMY
Sustained solar γ-rays and solar cosmic rays. Click the title to read more.

369	A PSP Perihelion
	20 January 2020 by Jessie DUNCAN and Hugh Hudson
The Parker Solar Probe enters its fourth perihelion already. Now. Click the title to read more.

368	Remembering John Brown
	13 January 2020 by Alec MacKINNON
John passed away unexpectedly on 16 November 2019. Click the title to read more.

367	A Global Survey of EUV Coronal Power Spectra
	30 December 2019 by Karl Battams
Time-series parameter maps of imaged power spectra from an AIA pipeline. Click the title to read more.

366	Cosmic Rays over the Rainbow Bridge
	16 December 2019 by Hugh Hudson Alec MacKinnon
Cosmic rays approach the Sun. Click the title to read more.

365	Spectropolarimetric Insight into Plasma-Sheet Dynamics of a Solar Flare
	9 December 2019 by Ryan French
CoMP polarization patterns in SOL2017-09-10 are amazing. Click the title to read more.

364	Lorentz Force Evolution Reveals the Energy Build-up Processes during Recurrent Eruptive Solar Flares‎
	18 November 2019 by Ranadeep Sarkar, Nandita Srivastava and Astrid Veronig
The net Lorentz force clearly exhibits a build-up and release pattern. Click the title to read more.

363	Flare waiting times depend on their magnitudes
	11 November 2019 by Hugh Hudson
Surprising new evidence for the flare build-up and release process. Click the title to read more.

362	Can magnetic reconnection cause solar rainstorms?‎
	4 November 2019 by Petra Kohutova
Impulsive coronal heating resulting from reconnection can trigger coronal rain. Click the title to read more.

361	Non-radial jets on the edges of active regions
	14 October 2019 by Peter Wyper
The very common jet structures we see can naturally combine twist and breakout. Click the title to read more.

360	Searching SOLfully within the Nuggets
	7 October 2019 by Hugh Hudson
The IAU target identifier works well for finding items about a particular event. Click the title to read more.

359	Submillimeter Radiation as the Thermal Component of the Neupert Effect
	31 September 2019 by Guillermo Giménez de Castro
Flare radiation at the highest frequencies can be bremsstrahlung. Click the title to read more.

358	The "Last Best" Flares
	24 September 2019 by Hugh Hudson, Ed Cliver, and Brian Dennis
Major flares tend to happen at the very ends of sunspot cycles. Click the title to read more.

357	Dynamic Processes of the Moreton Wave on 2014 March 29‎
	16 September 2019 by Denis Cabezas and the FMT team
A beautiful Moreton wave excited by the best-observed flare ever. Click the title to read more.

356	EVE-RHESSI DEM Models and the Low-energy Cutoff for Nonthermal Electrons
	9 September 2019 by Jim McTiernan
Characterizing flare temperature distributions helps to define the non-thermal energy release. Click the title to read more.

355	Stealth Coronal Mass Ejections from Active Regions
	26 August 2019 by Jennifer O'Kane
Perhaps just feeble versions of the same magnetic disease.... Click the title to read more.

354	Do Kepler Superflare Stars Really Include Slowly Rotating Sun-like Stars?‎
	15 July 2019 by Yuta NOTSU
Kepler superflares hint at solar superflares. Click the title to read more.

353	Localized Microwave and EUV Bright Structures in an Eruptive Prominence
	22 June 2019 by Jing HUANG
Detailed correlations between EUV and microwaves in prominence fine structures. Click the title to read more.

352	Broken-up hard X-ray spectra found for a loop-top source during a solar limb flare
	16 June 2019 by Hao NING, Yao CHEN and Jeongwoo LEE
SOL2017-09-10 coronal hard X-ray sources. Click the title to read more.

351	The Cosmic-Ray Shadow and Coronal Magnetism
	27 May 2019 by Frederik Tenholt
The coronal magnetic field measured in Antarctica. Click the title to read more.

350	Kristian Birkeland
	6 May 2019 by Hugh HUDSON and Lyndsay FLETCHER
Space weather a century ago: Kristian Birkeland. Click the title to read more.

349	Warm UV loops heated by small-scale cancellation events
	22 April 2019 by Seray ŞAHIN and Vasyl YURCHYSHYN
Precisely locating the footpoints of warm coronal loops helps identify their source(s) of excitation. Click the title to read more.

348	Multiple Regions of Shock-accelerated Particles during a Solar Coronal Mass Ejection
	1 April 2019 by Diana MOROSAN
LOFAR identifies herringbone sources within the flank of the SOL2017-09-10 shock - no joke. Click the title to read more.

347	Persistent Quasi-Periodic Pulsations Detected During the Large X8.2 Solar Flare
	25 March 2019 by Laura HAYES and Peter GALLAGHER
The most beautiful flare has the most beautiful pulsations. Click the title to read more.

346	Is the coronal magnetic field braiding?
	11 March 2019 by Markus ASCHWANDEN
This iconic cartoon does not relate well to the observations. Click the title to read more.

345	An energetic pre-flare: electron distributions in magnetic reconnection outflows
	18 February 2019 by Marina BATTAGLIA, Eduard KONTAR and Galina MOTORINA
Assessing energy partition in a pre-impulsive flare development. Click the title to read more.

344	Linear Polarization in H-alpha Flares
	4 February 2019 by Tomoko KAWATE and Yoichiro HANAOKA
H-alpha polarization is rarely observable but, in once case, very suggestive. Click the title to read more.

343	Short-Period Waves
	21 January 2019 by Sijie YU and Bin CHEN
New decimetric imaging spectroscopy suggests Alfvénic energy transport in flares. Click the title to read more.

342	The Interesting RHESSI/SAS Archive
	8 January 2019 by Hugh HUDSON and Martin FIVIAN
The full mission database shows RHESSI to have been very stable geometrically. Click the title to read more.

341	Homologous White Light Solar Flares‎
	31 December 2018 by Paolo ROMANO and Abouazza ELMHAMDI
Homologous white-light flares, in rapid succession, and coronal null points. Click the title to read more.

340	The flight of FOXSI-3
	10 December 2018 by Lindsay GLESENER and Noriyuki NARUKAGE
Single-photon counting and direct focusing across hard and soft energies. Click the title to read more.

339	Stellar Flares and Starspots
	3 December 2018 by Lauren DOYLE
Stellar flares don't spatially match their starspots. Click the title to read more.

338	Neutron Production in Solar Flares
	26 November 2018 by Ron MURPHY and Gerry SHARE
Neutron astronomy helps us understand solar flares. Click the title to read more.

337	Cycle 25 Strikes Again
	20 November 2018 by Kamil BICZ
A second, larger Cycle 25 sunspot. Click the title to read more.

336	Remembering Marcos Machado via his research
	13 November 2018 by Hugh HUDSON
Recalling a friend and colleague, and admiring his final paper. Click the title to read more.

335	CORONAS/SPIRIT Mg XII and Nanoflares‎
	22 October 2018 by Anton REVA
Monochromatic Mg XII spectroheliography sets severe limits on nanoflare heating models. Click the title to read more.

334	White-light Emission and Non-thermal Electrons‎
	8 October 2018 by Kyoung-Sun LEE
An intimate relationship between accelerated electrons and visible flare continuum. Click the title to read more.

333	Coronal Hard X-ray Sources Revisited
	24 September 2018 by Brian DENNIS
Reporting some over-interpretation of the evidence for "coronal thick targets". Click the title to read more.

332	Photospheric response to a flare
	17 September 2018 by Mike WHEATLAND
Sudden changes in the magnetic field in the low atmosphere associated with particle acceleration. Click the title to read more.

331	New Views of Global Solar Magnetic Field Evolution Over Four Solar Cycles
	27 August 2018 by David WEBB
A digital archive of Pat McIntosh's 44 years of solar synoptic observations. Click the title to read more.

330	Understanding the co-spatial return current in solar flares
	6 August 2018 by Meriem ALAOUI and Gordon HOLMAN
Completing the circuit in a thick-target model. Click the title to read more.

329	3D Magnetic Reconnection at a Coronal Null Point
	30 July 2018 by Shane MALONEY, Aidan O'Flannagain and Peter Gallagher
Large-scale reconnection involved in Type I radio noise storm. Click the title to read more.

328	The true dawn of multimessenger astronomy
	23 July 2018 by Hugh Hudson
Ever since the Carrington flare. Click the title to read more.

327	Microwave Imaging Spectroscopy of Flares is Here‎
	16 July 2018 by Dale E. Gary, EOVSA and RHESSI Teams
Microwave imaging spectroscopy takes a giant leap forward with SOL2017-09-10. Click the title to read more.

326	Coronal nanoflares powered by footpoint reconnection
	9 July 2018 by Pradeep Chitta, Hardi Peter, and Sami Solanki
Coronal nanoflares in active region cores can be powered by the magnetic reconnection in the lower solar atmosphere. Click the title to read more.

325	A remarkable, but confused, coronal hard X-ray source
	25 June 2018 by Alexandra Lysenko, Larisa Kashapova and Hugh Hudson
A remarkable flare in 1999 adds to our short list of extended coronal hard X-ray/microwave sources. Click the title to read more.

324	Understanding HMI pseudocontinuum in white-light flares‎
	28 May 2018 by Michal Švanda et al.
The HMI pseudocontinuum (Ic) is ill-calibrated in regions with strong fields, i.e. for white-light flares. Click the title to read more.

323	To beam or not to beam - that is (still) the question
	14 May 2018 by Paulo Simões and Hugh Hudson
Descriptions of the lower solar atmosphere of flares ca. Cycle 21 sound surprisingly current. Click the title to read more.

322	Observation of Cosmic Ray Spallation Events from SoHO‎
	7 May 2018 by Serge Koutchmy and Ehsan Tavabi
LASCO's images capture high-energy nuclear interactions from cosmic-ray hits. Click the title to read more.

321	A Sunspot from Cycle 25 for sure
	10 April 2018 by Tomek Mrozek and Hugh Hudson
YES! Cycle 25 is here!. Click the title to read more.

320	Blue-wing enhancement of the Mg II h and k lines in a flare
	9 April 2018 by Akiko TEI
Flare loops involve a cool upflow preceding the hot evaporation flow. Click the title to read more.

319	NuSTAR detects X-ray flares in the quiet Sun
	26 March 2018 by Matej Kuhar and Säm Krucker
Quiet-Sun flares may not be powerful, but they look a lot like ordinary flares. Click the title to read more.

318	Homologous CME/flares from AR 12371
	19 March 2018 by Panditi Vemareddy and Pascal Demoulín
An excellent set of homologous flare/CMEs analyzed and explained. Click the title to read more.

317	Non-Maxwellian Diagnostics from SDO/EVE Spectra of an X-class Flare
	16 February 2018 by Elena Dzifčáková and Jaroslav Dudík
Ratios of high-excitation ions can readily detect κ-distributions in flare plasmas. Click the title to read more.

316	Joint MinXSS and RHESSI Flare X-ray Spectra between 1 and 15 keV
	5 February 2018 by Chris Moore, Brian Dennis and the MinXSS Science Team
MinXSS adds systematic views of flare soft X-ray spectra to RHESSI imagery. Click the title to read more.

315	Parameterized Flare Models with Chromospheric Compressions
	17 January 2018 by Adam Kowalski & Joel Allred
A new approach to modeling the lower flare atmosphere. Click the title to read more.

314	A Curious Sunspot Group in 2018
	14 January 2018 by Hugh Hudson
The first new sunspot group of 2018 emerged at the wrong latitude. Click the title to read more.

313	Tecumseh's Eclipse and Astrophysics
	25 December 2017 by Hugh Hudson
The solar corona was first recognized as such, and named, in an eclipse of 1806. Click the title to read more.

312	Hunting for Hidden Tiny Flares
	27 November 2017 by Shin-nosuke ISHIKAWA
FOXSI-2 says that episodic energy releases are still viable as a part of the coronal heating problem.. Click the title to read more.

311	Unusual Type III Burst Dynamics Produced by Diverging Magnetic Fields
	20 November 2017 by Patrick McCauley
Unusual type III bursts follow coronal separatrix structures.. Click the title to read more.

310	Valderrama in the 21st Century
	31 October 2017 by Hugh Hudson
A newly-described white-light flare from the 19th century!... Click the title to read more.

309	Electron Scattering in the Flaring Corona
	24 October 2017 by Sophie Musset
Diffusive transport may contribute to the trapping of electrons in coronal X-ray sources. Click the title to read more.

308	The Power of Turbulence
	25 September 2017 by Nic Bian
Turbulent energy content may underlie flare energy transfer, magnetic reconnection, and particle acceleration. Click the title to read more.

307	The Kelvin Force and Loop-Top Concentration
	18 September 2017 by Kiyoto SHIBASAKI
New physics can explain the perplexing overpressure at the flare looptop regions. Click the title to read more.

306	The Last Best Flare of Cycle 24?
	11 September 2017 by Säm Krucker and Hugh Hudson
Right on schedule, Cycle 24 has produced a great flare (with a GLE). Click the title to read more.

305	Electric Current Neutralization and Solar Eruption in Active Regions
	28 August 2017 by Yang LIU
Active current systems in the solar corona don't have return currents. Click the title to read more.

304	RHESSI and the Megamovie
	31 July 2017 by Hugh Hudson, Laura Peticolas, and Juan Carlos Martínez Oliveros
A wholly new way to view a solar eclipse, and to do solar astrometry. Click the title to read more.

303	Bastille Day 2017
	24 July 2017 by Hugh Hudson and Säm Krucker
Interesting flares really do happen on Bastille Day.... Click the title to read more.

302	The Solar X-ray Limb III
	12 June 2017 by Marina Battaglia and Gordon Hurford
RHESSI succeeds with a wholly new way to measure the solar diameter. Click the title to read more.

301	Double Coronal X-ray and Microwave Sources Associated With A Magnetic Breakout Solar Eruption
	29 May 2017 by Yao CHEN
A different explanation of the double coronal hard X-ray sources. Click the title to read more.

300	A Lasso Model for Solar Gamma-ray Events
	15 May 2017 by Hugh Hudson
A toy model hoping to explain the SEP/LAT relationship. Click the title to read more.

Next Nuggets